推荐序 前言 1 Introduction 2 Creating and Destroying Objects Item 1: Consider static factory methods instead of constructors Item 2: Consider a builder when faced with many constructor parameters Item 3: Enforce the singleton property with a private constructor or an enum type Item 4: Enforce noninstantiability with a private constructor Item 5: Avoid creating unnecessary objects Item 6: Eliminate obsolete object references Item 7: Avoid finalizers 3 Methods Common to All Objects Item 8: Obey the general contract when overriding equals Item 9: Always override hashCode when you override equals Item 10: Always override toString
推荐序 前言 1 Introduction 2 Creating and Destroying Objects Item 1: Consider static factory methods instead of constructors Item 2: Consider a builder when faced with many constructor parameters Item 3: Enforce the singleton property with a private constructor or an enum type Item 4: Enforce noninstantiability with a private constructor Item 5: Avoid creating unnecessary objects Item 6: Eliminate obsolete object references Item 7: Avoid finalizers 3 Methods Common to All Objects Item 8: Obey the general contract when overriding equals Item 9: Always override hashCode when you override equals Item 10: Always override toString Item 11: Override clone judiciously Item 12: Consider implementing Comparable 4 Classes and Interfaces Item 13: Minimize the accessibility of classes and members Item 14: In public classes, use accessor methods, not public fields Item 15: Minimize mutability Item 16: Favor composition over inheritance Item 17: Design and document for inheritance or else prohibit it Item 18: Prefer interfaces to abstract classes Item 19: Use interfaces only to define types Item 20: Prefer class hierarchies to tagged classes Item 21: Use function objects to represent strategies Item 22: Favor static member classes over nonstatic 5 Generics Item 23: Don’t use raw types in new code Item 24: Eliminate unchecked warnings Item 25: Prefer lists to arrays Item 26: Favor generic types Item 27: Favor generic methods Item 28: Use bounded wildcards to increase API flexibility Item 29: Consider typesafe heterogeneous containers 6 Enums and Annotations Item 30: Use enums instead of int constants Item 31: Use instance fields instead of ordinals Item 32: Use EnumSet instead of bit fields Item 33: Use EnumMap instead of ordinal indexing Item 34: Emulate extensible enums with interfaces Item 35: Prefer annotations to naming patterns Item 36: Consistently use the Override annotation Item 37: Use marker interfaces to define types
